![]() Many of these cases of toxic effects involved long-term, heavy, frequent, or whole-body application of DEET. Fewer than 50 cases of serious toxic effects have been documented in. DEET has a remarkable safety profile after 40 years of use and nearly 8 billion human applications. this repellent has been subjected to more scientific and toxicologic scrutiny than any other repellent substance. The authors of a 2002 study published in The New England Journal of Medicine wrote: DEET can irritate the eyes and, unlike icaridin, it can cause breathing difficulty, headaches, or, in rare cases, it may cause severe epidermal reactions. Īs a precaution, manufacturers advise that DEET products should not be used under clothing or on damaged skin, and that preparations be washed off after they are no longer needed or between applications. Insect repellents, including DEET, should not be used on children younger than 2 months of age. When used as directed, products containing between 10% and 30% DEET have been found by the American Academy of Pediatrics to be safe to use on children as well as adults. Ī 2008 study found that higher concentrations of DEET have an improved ability to repel insects through fabric. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends 30–50% DEET to prevent the spread of pathogens carried by insects. Other research has corroborated the effectiveness of DEET. 100% DEET was found to offer up to 12 hours of protection while several lower concentration DEET formulations (20–34%) offered 3–6 hours of protection. Consumer Reports found a direct correlation between DEET concentration and hours of protection against insect bites. ĭEET is often sold and used in spray or lotion in concentrations up to 100%. Health Canada decided to limit DEET concentration to 30% in the country since 2002 due to an increased long-term risk observed with repeated applications. A lower concentration of 10% is recommended for infants and children. The NHS recommends using a concentration of 50% in areas with malaria. Higher concentrations can be applied to clothing. The concentration of DEET in products may range from less than 10% to nearly 100%, but concentrations greater than 50% do not increase the duration of protection. Ī 2018 systematic review found no consistent performance difference between DEET and icaridin in field studies and concluded that they are equally preferred mosquito repellents, noting that 50% DEET offers longer protection but is not available in some countries. DEET is effective against a variety of invertebrates, including ticks, flies, mosquitos, and some parasitic worms. Effectiveness ĭEET and icaridin are the most effective insect repellents available. Unlike icaridin, DEET gives off an odor that many people find unpleasant, leaves the skin greasy and can dissolve plastics and synthetic fabrics. It is a slightly yellow oil intended to be applied to the skin or to clothing and provides protection against mosquitoes, flies, ticks, fleas, chiggers, leeches and many biting insects. N, N-Diethyl- meta-toluamide, also called diethyltoluamide or DEET ( / d iː t/, from DET, the initials of di- + ethyl + toluamide), is the oldest, most effective and most common active ingredient in commercial insect repellents.
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